World Nutrition Journal

Role of artificial intelligence in critical care medicine

Joseph Varon — 2025-09-29

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into critical care medicine represents one of the most transformative developments of the modern era, particularly in the domain of nutritional support. Nutrition in critically ill patients is a complex, dynamic, and individualized component of care, intimately linked with outcomes such as morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and recovery trajectories. Historically, the approach to nutritional management in intensive care units (ICUs) has been guided by static protocols, clinician experience, and limited data-driven personalization. However, the advent of AI has heralded a new paradigm—one where algorithms are capable of synthesizing massive volumes of patient-specific and population-level data to optimize nutritional strategies in real-time. This abstract explores the evolving role of AI in the nutritional management of critically ill patients, elucidating its current capabilities, transformative potential, and the nuanced challenges inherent in its implementation.

The role of nutrition in the prevention of iron deficiency anemia

Nurul Ratna Manikam — 2025-09-29

The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among children under five is approximately 25%. IDA is characterized with low hemoglobin levels and depleted iron stores, commonly due to inadequate intake, increase requirement, malabsorption, or chronic blood loss. IDA has significant implications for growth, cognitive development, and immunity

Innovative ways to screen for iron deficiency anemia (IDA)

Dian Novita Chandra — 2025-09-29

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) poses a significant public health challenge in Indonesia, contributing to 75% of anemia cases among pregnant women and 42% among children under five years. Clinical diagnosis typically relies on biomarker evaluation, including hemoglobin levels, serum iron concentration, and transferrin saturation. While diagnostic protocols emphasize specificity, population-level screening efforts prioritize sensitivity to effectively identify at-risk individuals.

Nutrition and cancer prevention: how well are we doing?

Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed — 2025-09-29

Southeast Asia faces a dual burden of malnutrition and rising noncommunicable diseases, including cancer, many of which are influenced by diet and lifestyle. This review examines how well countries in Southeast Asia are aligning with nutritional practices known to reduce cancer risk

Anemia among women of reproductive age in the Philippines and its implications in community

Imelda Angeles Agdeppa — 2025-09-29

Anemia is a persistent global problem and it affects all segments of the population from infancy, young and school children, adolescents, adults, pregnant and lactating women, and the elderly. It is more prevalent in impoverished countries. Globally, WHO estimated that in 2019, 40% of all children aged 6359 months, 37% of pregnant women and 30% of women 15349 years of age were affected by anemia. The South-East Asia Region is one of the most affected regions.

The role of microbiome and metabolomics in personalized ICU nutrition

Santiago Herrero — 2025-09-29

Emerging research highlights the essential influence of the gut microbiome and metabolic profiling in managing critically ill patients. In contemporary intensive care units, nutritional support transcends traditional caloric and protein matching; it demands a responsive, multifactorial approach that acknowledges microbial ecology and dynamic metabolic states. These scientific advancements hold promise for redefining nutritional protocols and enhancing patient outcomes in critical care.

The gut microbiome, often termed "the forgotten organ," significantly impacts immune function, energy metabolism, and mucosal health. Similarly, metabolomics—the study of small molecular byproducts of cellular processes—provides real-time insight into patient physiology. Combined, these tools are propelling a revolution in personalized nutritional interventions in the ICU.

ICU nutrition in the UK : How we do it?

Nandita Divekar — 2025-09-29

Optimal nutritional support has a fundamental role in the management of critically ill patients.

It has a significant impact on morbidity, mortality and patient outcomes. In the United Kingdom nutritional protocols are in alignment with the National and International guidelines for nutrition.

The future of personalized medical nutrition; a focus on protein

Rolf Smeets — 2025-09-29

Dietary protein is essential for preserving muscle mass and preventing adverse outcomes in a wide range of patient populations. However, achieving sufficient protein intake remains a major challenge, particularly in disease states where requirements are elevated—often double the normal needs—while intake is impaired

Advancing child health through safe hydration

Diana Sunardi — 2025-09-29

Diarrhea is One in five children in Indonesia does not drink enough water, but that’s not the only problem regarding child health and water consumption. The prevalence of Diarrhea in Indonesian children is one in four children under 5 years old. The high prevalence is closely linked to poor sanitation and unsafe drinking water.

Water comprises 75% body weight in infants to 55% in the elderly, and plays very crucial role in cellular hemostasis and life. Therefore, the optimal functioning of our body requires a good hydration level from safe drinking water.

The role of MTHFR polymorphism on hyperhomocysteinemia and folic acid and vitamin B metabolism

Rina Triana — 2025-09-29

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remain a leading global health concern, with hyperhomocysteinemia recognized as a contributing metabolic disorder linked to cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative conditions, and developmental anomalies. This presentation explores the pivotal role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms—particularly C677T and A1298C variants—in disrupting homocysteine metabolism through impaired folate and vitamin B pathways.

Diet quality and ultra-processed food consumption among adolescent girls Aged 12-19 years old

Endang Oktaviani — 2025-09-29

Healthy dietary patterns during adolescence are essential for achieving optimal nutrition, reducing the risk of obesity, and preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. However, the abundant availability and frequent consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and foods that are high in sugars, saturated fats, salt, and poor in essential nutrients contribute to poor diet quality, which may increase the risk of obesity and NCDs. Assessing adolescent diet quality is essential to support evidence-based public health interventions.

Recent advances in Moringa oleifera supplementation for maternal anemia and infant nutrition: A systematic review

Daniel Ariel Hadjo — 2025-09-29

Moringa oleifera (MO) is a plant-based food source that lasts during certain seasons, and some societies still consider it to be known as superfood. The use of MO has been linked up to its inconsistency and advances as a supplementation in resolving maternal anemia and stunted infants.

This study aims to synthesize an updated efficacy and safety aspect of MO supplementation in pregnant women and infants.

Effect of food-based and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation on nutrient intakes in pregnant women

Naura Delfi Meisara — 2025-09-29

Nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy are worsened by poor intake and low adherence to supplementation. This study aimed to assess the impact of a food-based intervention using soy-hydrolysate and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation on the nutrient intake of pregnant women.

This study aimed to assess the impact of a food-based intervention using soy-hydrolysate and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation on the nutrient intake of pregnant women

Association between household income and gestational weight gain among pregnant women in Palembang

Corinna Faustina — 2025-09-29

Palembang is the city with the highest incidence of anemia in 2023, a condition that linked to maternal malnutrition. Gestational weight gain (GWG) is one of the indicator of maternal nutritional status. One of the factor that may influence the nutritional status is household income because it determines how a person afford their own nutrition.

This study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted from August to October 2024. Data collection involved body weight measurement using the TANITA BC-601 and structured questionnaires. GWG was calculated as the difference between current body weight and pre-pregnancy weight, then the adequacy of GWG was assessed by comparing current weight with the ideal weight for gestational age. Eligible participants included singleton pregnant women without chronic illnesses who had completed the triple elimination program and received antenatal care at public health centers or private midwifery practices. Data analysis was performed with Chi Square analysis by using SPSS 27^th version.

Applying precision nutrition to university students: Insights into their diet quality

Arnida Hani Teh — 2025-09-29

Previous studies indicated a rising number of university students affected by malnutrition, primarily due to poor diet quality. Considering the growing emphasis on precision nutrition as a strategy to address diverse health needs

This study was conducted to assess the eating patterns, evaluate the quality of diets, and determine the association between diet quality and socioeconomic characteristics among students at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).

High prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized patients at Kabupaten Bekasi general hospital: A critical need for early nutritional screening

Ni Ketut Ayu Maharani — 2025-09-29

Malnutrition in hospitals is a critical concern that significantly impacts health outcomes, yet there is a lack of recent prevalence data in Indonesia. Objective: This author initiated a study at Bekasi District Hospital, aiming to enhance awareness of malnutrition screening and assessment. Prompt nutritional interventions within the first 24 hours of hospitalization are crucial to prevent deterioration in nutritional status, reduce morbidity and mortality, shorten hospital stays, and lower healthcare costs.

Investigating associations between nutritional status, body composition, eating behavior, and somatotype with physical fitness among urban adult women

Sarah Firjani Hanisah — 2025-09-29

Background: Reduced physical fitness increases the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. In urban Indonesia, this is particularly concerning, with over 33.9% of adult urban women classified as obese. Although nutritional status, body composition, eating behavior, and somatotype may affect fitness, few studies have explored these relationships within this population.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the associations between these factors and physical fitness among urban adult women.

Relationship of fiber consumption with obesity and gut health in students of SMAN 3 Kupang City

Freny R Dupe — 2025-09-29

Background: Fiber is a necessity that must be met to help maintain digestive health and prevent obesity. The easiest sources of fiber are vegetables and fruits.

Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation of fiber consumption with obesity and gut health in students of SMAN 3 Kupang City.

The relationship between subcutaneous fat thickness and menstrual cycle on obese women

Eugene Talentino — 2025-09-29

Background: Indonesian health survey shows an increase in obesity rates from 21.8% in 2018 to 23.4% in 2023. Obesity is a condition of excess fat accumulation that can be measured by the thickness of subcutaneous fat. Fat accumulation can disrupt the body’s hormonal condition because it also works as an endocrine organ. It produced aromatase that can disrupt the female reproductive hormonal system and causing menstrual disorders. 80% of women experience menstrual cycle disorders based on WHO in 2017.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between the thickness of subcutaneous fat and menstrual cycle on obese women.

The role of early enteral nutrition in an adult patient with severe burn injury II-III degree, 28% TBSA, and inhalation injury: A case report

Petra Bella — 2025-09-29

Background: Burn patients experience increased energy demands, muscle mass loss, and infection risk due to hypermetabolism. This case report highlights the benefits of initiating early enteral nutrition (EEN) within 24 hours post-burn.

Case report: A 55-year-old male with second- to third-degree burns covering 28% of TBSA and inhalation injury was hospitalized for 24 days at RSPP. He weighed 70 kg (BMI of 25.7 kg/m²). Within 24 hours, he received fluid resuscitation, wound excision, and tracheostomy. Calculated via the Curreri formula, his caloric requirement was 2,870 kcal/day, and protein needs were 105–140 g/day. Enteral nutrition was initiated within 24 hours and advanced gradually. Partial parenteral nutrition was also provided: 63 g carbohydrates, 25 g protein, and 19 g fat daily. The patient was also treated for hypoalbuminemia and received oral vitamin B complex, vitamin C, and iron.

Effectiveness of Nutrition Education and Local Food-Based Supplementary Feeding to Improve Maternal Nutritional Status During Pregnancy

Maya Klementina Dasmasela — 2025-09-29

Background: Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women remains a significant public health concern in Indonesia.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 16-week nutrition intervention that integrated Behavior Change Communication (BCC)-based nutrition education with the provision of local food-based supplementary feeding (≥350 kcal/day) in improving the nutritional status of pregnant women.

Relationship between age and vas appetite score among patients with post-tuberculosis lung disease at Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta

Linda Mahardika — 2025-09-29

Background: Post-tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is a form of progressive lung tissue damage following tuberculosis (TB) infection. In addition to clinical symptoms, patients with PTLD often experience nutritional problems. Appetite plays a crucial role in determining adequate nutrient intake, which can affect nutritional status, the recovery process, and overall quality of life. One factor that may influence appetite is age. Although age is known to affect appetite, the relationship between the two has not been studied, particularly in patients with PTLD at Persahabatan Hospital, National Respiratory Centre.

How high-protein, high-fiber meal replacements influence dietary intake in overweight women during weight loss

Harry Freitag Luglio Muhammad — 2025-09-29

Background and objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects of high-protein, high-fiber dietary supplements on dietary intake among overweight women.

Nutrient Intake Profile Among Children Aged 6–24 Months in Indonesia: A Descriptive Analysis

Nazlah Nurdina — 2025-09-29

Background: Adequate nutrient intake in early childhood is critical for growth, cognitive development, and immune function. The first two years of life are a sensitive period where nutritional deficiencies may lead to long-term consequences. However, many children in low- and middle-income countries fail to meet dietary needs due to limited diversity and poor feeding practices.

Objectives: To describe the intake of energy, macronutrients, and key micronutrients among Indonesian children aged 6–24 months

The association between animal source food intake and growth among preschool children in Jakarta

Agus Hidayatulloh — 2025-09-29

Background: Animal-source foods (ASF) are a source of high-quality protein and bioavailable micronutrients such as iron and zinc, which are important for the growth of preschool children. However, despite high ASF intake, malnutrition in Jakarta is above the national prevalence. The types of ASF consumed may have contributed to this.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between ASF intake and height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) among preschool children aged 4–6 years in Jakarta.

The association between nutrition knowledge and attitude towards dietary intake among competitive elite athletes in DKI Jakarta

Maulana Malik Ibrahim — 2025-09-29

Background: Good nutritional knowledge is important for athletes to develop positive attitude and proper dietary practices, especially supporting training, competition, and peak performance. Lack of knowledge can lead to energy and nutrient imbalances, which can disrupt physiological adaptation, recovery, and athletic performance. Unlike previous studies on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP), which generally only assess questionnaire scores on eating practices without directly analyzing dietary intake, this study takes a different approach by directly analyzing dietary intake and considering differences between rest days and training days.

Objectives: To analyze the association between nutritional knowledge and attitudes towards dietary intake among competitive elite athletes in DKI Jakarta.

The role of vitamin D and fish oil supplementation in a critically ill myasthenia crisis patient: A case report

Beatrice Cynthia Walter — 2025-09-29

Background and objectives: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare, chronic autoimmune disease with an incidence of 1.7-28 cases per 1,000,000 person-years. It can progress to myasthenic crisis (MC), a life-threatening complication characterized by respiratory failure. Most MC patients require mechanical ventilation (MV) and often have trouble during MV weaning. This case report aims to describe the potential role of vitamin D and fish oil supplementation in facilitating MV weaning in a patient with MC in the intensive care unit (ICU).