Exploring key cognitive indicators for practical use by parents in community setting

  • Tjhin Wiguna Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Rini Sekartini Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak Faculty of Medicine UPN Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Ray Wagiu Basrowi Danone Specialized Nutrition Indonesia
  • Melissa Stephanie Kartjito Danone Specialized Nutrition Indonesia
Keywords: indicator, cognitive abilities, children more than one year old

Abstract

The identification of child development milestones, specifically cognitive abilities, requires parental/caregiver awareness and knowledge. With the existence of multiple cognitive abilities such as attention and focus, memory, language, psychomotor skills, logic, reasoning, decision-making, problem-solving, social/emotional, there are multiple indicators to measure children's cognitive abilities. Pediatricians are the most knowledgeable and trusted authority to routinely screen and monitor the development of healthy children. Therefore, it is crucial that parents understand their children's developmental milestones so if they encounter anomalies, they can immediately consult with the professionals. This review compiles recently published research and current knowledge to examine potential key indicators of cognitive development in infants and children that can be utilized by parents and communities in an easily understood manner.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Tjhin Wiguna, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Jakarta, Indonesia
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Department of Psychiatry
Rini Sekartini, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia – dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Jakarta, Indonesia
Department of Child Health
Taufiq Fredrik Pasiak, Faculty of Medicine UPN Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience
Ray Wagiu Basrowi, Danone Specialized Nutrition Indonesia
Medical & Scientific Affairs Division
Melissa Stephanie Kartjito, Danone Specialized Nutrition Indonesia
Medical & Scientific Affairs Division

References

Gauvain M, Richert R. Cognitive Development. In: Encyclopedia of Mental Health: Second Edition. Elsevier Inc.; 2016. p. 317–23.

Kholiq A. How is Piaget’s Theory Used to Test The Cognitive Readiness of Early Childhood in School? Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Education Studies. 2020 Jun 23;9(1):24–8.

Wilks T, Gerber RJ, Erdie-Lalena C. Developmental milestones: Cognitive development. Vol. 31, Pediatrics in Review. 2010. p. 364–7.

American Academy of Pediatrics: Committe on Children with Disabilities. Developmental Surveillance and Screening of Infants and Young Children. Pediatrics. 2001;108(1).

Squire J, Nickel R, Eisert D. Early Detection of Developmental Problems Strategies for Monitoring Young Children in Practice Setting. Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics. 1996;14(6).

Wood KC, Smith H,, Grossniklaus D. Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. 2001.

Feldman DH. Piaget’s stages: The unfinished symphony of cognitive development. New Ideas Psychol. 2004;22(3 SPEC. ISS.):175–231.

Simatwa EMW. Piaget’s theory of intellectual development and its implication for instructional management at pre-secondary school level. Educational Research and Reviews [Internet]. 2010;5(7):366–71. Available from: http://www.academicjournals.org/ERR2

Keating DP. Cognitive Development. In: Encyclopedia of Adolescence. Elsevier inc; 2011.

Jason Gerber R, Wilks T, Erdie-Lalena C. Developmental Milestones: Motor Development. Pediatr Rev [Internet]. 2010;31(7). Available from: http://pedsinreview.aappublications.org/

Marotz L, Allen K. Developmental Profile : From Pre-birth to Adolescent. Cengage Learning. Cengage Learning; 2016.

Miller PH. Theories of Developmental Psychology. 4th ed. 2002.

Colson E, Dworkin P. Toddler Development. Pediatr Rev. 1997;18(8).

Parke R, Gauvain M. Child Psychology A Contemporary Viewpoint. 7th ed. New York: McGraw Hill; 2009.

Johnson CP, Blasco PA. Infant growth and development. Pediatrics in review / American Academy of Pediatrics. 1997;18(7):224–42.

Bayley N, Infant S. Bayley scales of infant and toddler development. Third. San Antonio: Pearson Clinical Assesment; 2006.

Dhamayanti M, Herlina M. Skrining Gangguan Kognitif dan Bahasa dengan MenggunakanCapute Scales (Cognitive Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic & Auditory Milestone Scale-Cat/Clams). Sari Pediatri`. 2009;11(3):189–98.

Hertanto M, Shihab N, Ririmasse M, Sekartini R. Penilaian Perkembagan Anak usia 0-36 bulan menggunakan metode Capute Scales. Sari Pediatri. 2009;11(2).

Asli A, Lestari H, Sekartini R, Tumbuh D, Sosial KP, Ilmu B, et al. Penilaian PEDS pada Anak Usia 6-72 bulan. Sari Pediatri. 2007;9(1).

Shonkoff JP, Richter L, van der Gaag J, Bhutta ZA. An integrated scientific framework for child survival and early childhood development. Vol. 129, Pediatrics. 2012.

Hoff E. How social contexts support and shape language development. . Developmental Review. 2006;26:55–8.

Winter L, Morawska A, Sanders MR. The Effect of Behavioral Family Intervention on Knowledge of Effective Parenting Strategies. J Child Fam Stud. 2012 Dec 1;21(6):881–90.

Black MM, Walker SP, Fernald LCH, Andersen CT, DiGirolamo AM, Lu C, et al. Early childhood development coming of age: science through the life course. Vol. 389, The Lancet. Lancet Publishing Group; 2017. p. 77–90.

Miller SA. Reviews Parents’ Beliefs about Children’s Cognitive Development. Vol. 59. 1988.

Jeong J, Franchett EE, Ramos de Oliveira C v., Rehmani K, Yousafzai AK. Parenting interventions to promote early child development in the first three years of life: A global systematic review and meta-analysis. Vol. 18, PLoS Medicine. Public Library of Science; 2021.

Nurliyana AR, Mohd Shariff Z, Mohd Taib MN, Gan WY, Tan KA. Early nutrition, growth and cognitive development of infants from birth to 2 years in Malaysia: A study protocol. BMC Pediatr. 2016 Sep 29;16(1).

Carson V, Hunter S, Kuzik N, Wiebe SA, Spence JC, Friedman A, et al. Systematic review of physical activity and cognitive development in early childhood. Vol. 19, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. Elsevier Ltd; 2016. p. 573–8.

Zelazo PD, Lourenco SF, Frank MC, Elison JT, Heaton RK, Wellman HM, et al. Measurement of Cognition for the National Children’s Study. Front Pediatr. 2021 May 31;9.

Submitted

2023-04-20
Accepted
2023-05-25
Published
2023-05-31

Most read articles by the same author(s)